Education system in Poland: what you need to know before moving

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Migration to Europe is becoming more conscious: families planning long-term residence abroad consider the level of school and bachelor’s education as a decisive factor. Poland is a country that combines affordability, European quality, and wide integration into international academic processes. Before moving, it is important to understand how the education system in Poland is structured, what stages of education exist, what the structure of universities looks like, and what parents, students, and investors should pay attention to.

General structure of the education system in Poland: from kindergarten to university

Education is divided into several sequential stages. It starts with preschool education, then goes through primary, secondary, and higher education. State institutions provide services for free, private ones for a fee. Each stage is regulated by the Ministry, and operates under a unified standard.

The Polish education system implies compulsory education until the age of 18. After primary school, students move on to lyceums or technical schools. The graduation exam — Matura — gives the right to enter university.

Preschool and primary stage: stress-free start

At the age of 3 to 6, children attend przedszkole — a kindergarten equivalent. In the final year of preschool education, a child prepares for school. Parents can choose between a state or private institution.

The education system in Poland emphasizes a playful and psychological approach, fostering interest in learning from an early age. At 7 years old, a child goes to primary school, where they study for 8 years — first in junior classes, then in senior ones.

Intermediate level: specialized development and Matura

After primary school, teenagers choose to continue their education in a lyceum (academic orientation) or technikum (technical training). Education lasts for 4 or 5 years depending on the chosen direction.

The stage is completed with the Matura exam, without which it is impossible to enter university. It includes tests in Polish, mathematics, a foreign language, and additional subjects.

The features of education in Poland at this level include early career orientation, subject choice based on interests, and equal opportunities for all students.

Higher education in Poland: universities and the Bologna Process

Since 2007, the country has been fully integrated into the Bologna Process. Higher education is divided into three levels: bachelor’s (3–4 years), master’s (1.5–2 years), and doctoral (3–4 years). Universities offer education in Polish and English.

Popular fields include IT, medicine, architecture, business, and engineering. Many programs are available to foreigners on a commercial or scholarship basis. The education system in Poland includes prestigious universities such as the University of Warsaw, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, and Wroclaw University of Science and Technology.

Education system in Poland for foreigners: integration and accessibility

Every year, tens of thousands of students from Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, India, Nigeria, and Arab countries come to the country. Education in this Central European country remains one of the most accessible in the EU. There are no entrance exams — admission is based on document competition.

The internationalization of the system allows choosing programs in English, participating in exchanges, Erasmus+ projects, and obtaining a European diploma recognized throughout Europe.

Inclusivity and equal opportunities

Great attention is paid to supporting children with special educational needs. Inclusivity is implemented through access to adapted programs, educational assistants, psychologists, and speech therapists. Students with limited abilities can attend both specialized and regular schools.

The education system in Poland promotes equal rights for all participants in the process: socially vulnerable groups, migrants, children of refugees. All students have access to free knowledge regardless of family status.

Investments and housing: what parents and students should pay attention to

Many families consider investing in Polish real estate as a way to combine having a child and financial stability. Buying an apartment in a university city reduces rental expenses and can generate income from renting out. With the growing number of students, the demand for apartments near campuses remains consistently high.

To obtain permanent residency, it is important to live for a minimum of 5 years, some of which can be spent on a student visa. The educational process becomes one of the channels for legalization, and real estate becomes an asset in a stable economy.

Programs, research, and career prospects

Bachelor’s and master’s programs combine academic theory with practice. Students participate in research, internships, and projects with companies. Polish universities actively cooperate with firms from the EU, UK, and USA.

Graduates have career opportunities in Europe and beyond. With a diploma and language skills, there is a chance to work in an international company, stay on a work visa, or start a business.

Key advantages of the education system in Poland

Below are the key advantages that make studying in the country attractive:

affordability — state education is free, private education is inexpensive;
international recognition of diplomas;
participation in the Bologna Process;
emphasis on career orientation;
inclusivity and equality of rights;
admission without entrance exams;
wide selection of programs in English;
student visa — a path to legalization.

These factors make the education system in Poland a worthy alternative to other EU countries.

Important nuances to consider

Despite numerous advantages, parents and students should consider a number of points:

education in Polish requires preparation (years of courses);
limited program choices in small towns;
high competition in top universities;
some private schools and universities lack accreditation;
the system is still adapting to modern standards;
scholarships are limited — often paid education;
bureaucracy in visa and document processing may take time.

These points are not considered barriers, but require advance planning and a sober assessment of one’s capabilities.

Education system in Poland: the main points

For many families, young professionals, and students, the education system in Poland is not just a step towards knowledge, but also a strategy for long-term integration into Europe. The combination of quality, affordability, and international recognition makes it a logical choice in 2025.

When choosing a school or university, it is important to consider the location, accreditation, program language, and goals — academic or immigration. With a thoughtful approach, the Polish state can become a reliable start for a child, investor, or professional!

How to move to Poland for permanent residence: detailed instructions for investors

Poland attracts investors from all over the world by offering favourable conditions for obtaining permanent residence and citizenship. In recent years, this process has become more accessible and understandable thanks to a variety of programmes and support from the Polish authorities. It is possible to move to Poland for permanent residence through several types of investments, starting with the purchase of property and ending with the registration of a business. It is important to learn all the steps, requirements and conditions to make this process as easy and profitable as possible. В

Advantages of moving to Poland for permanent residence for investors

Moving to Poland for permanent residence through investment is a chance to gain stability, confidence in the future and access to huge business opportunities in the EU. The country is located in the very centre of Europe, which makes it an ideal place for those who want to scale up and enter international markets. The state also offers low taxes for businessmen and investors, as well as a high quality of life.

One of the main advantages is the open route to the European Union, which offers visa-free access to 27 countries, including Germany, France, the UK and other major economic centres. By taking advantage of programmes to move to Poland for permanent residence, an investor receives not only economic benefits, but also a large number of rights and freedoms available to EU citizens.

The tax system here attracts entrepreneurs with moderate rates. For example, the profit tax rate for small and medium-sized companies is 19%, which is significantly lower than in some other EU countries. For some types of activities, tax incentives and subsidies from the Polish government may be applied. Poland actively supports startups and innovative companies, providing grants and subsidies for those who create new jobs and develop the country’s economy.

It is also a country with high quality health care, excellent living conditions, high security and cleanliness. Salaries are growing here, and the convenient location and extensive transport network make the territory convenient for permanent residence. Taking into account the totality of factors – moving to Poland for permanent residence is attractive for foreign investors.

Investment programmes for obtaining residence permit and permanent residence in Poland

One of the most popular ways to move to Poland for permanent residence is to participate in an investment programme. Depending on the amount and type of investment, various options for obtaining residency status are possible. It can be buying property, starting a business, buying government bonds or other forms of investment activity. All programmes have clear criteria and deadlines within which the required conditions must be met:

Buying a property: the investment amount starts from 300,000 euros, depending on the region and type of property. This investment can provide not only a residence permit, but also a stable rental income.
Business registration: starting a company in the country requires an investment of between 100,000 and 500,000 euros, depending on the field of activity. Entrepreneurs can obtain a residence permit for up to 2 years with the possibility of extension.
Buying government bonds: this method involves purchasing at least 1 million euros worth of Polish government bonds, which guarantees a residence permit for up to 5 years.

Depending on the option chosen, the investor must provide a certain package of documents, including a business plan (if starting a company), information on income and sources of funds, and proof of investment. All this is done to show that the person intends to contribute to the country’s economy and will contribute to its development.

What documents you need to move to Poland for permanent residence

What documents do I need to move to Poland for permanent residence? The answer to this question depends on the chosen investment programme and specific conditions. In order to start the process of obtaining a residence permit, it is necessary to prepare a package of documentation including several mandatory elements:

Passport valid at the time of application, with copies of all pages, and photographs for identification.
Copies of bank accounts, tax returns or other documents proving the availability of funds for investment. This may be a bank statement or income document.
The investor must provide evidence that the funds for the investment are legitimate and not related to criminal activity. This can be, for example, a contract with a partner or a property transaction document.
To apply for a residence permit through the establishment of a business, it is necessary to submit a business plan, which will be evaluated by the Polish authorities.
Health insurance, which should cover all possible costs of medical treatment in Poland for the duration of the visa.
Documents proving residence in the country: rented accommodation, signed contract or proof of real estate.

It is important that all documents are translated into Polish and fulfil the requirements set out in the visa application instructions.

Step-by-step instructions: how to apply for permanent residence in Poland

The application process to move to Poland for permanent residence includes several stages, each of which has its own peculiarities and requirements:

Choosing the type of investment. First you need to choose which investment programme to use to obtain a residence permit. This can be buying property, setting up a business or other options.
Document preparation. All necessary materials, including proof of financial solvency, health insurance and proof of source of income, must be gathered in advance.
Submission of the application to the consulate or immigration authorities. The application for a residence permit is submitted to the Polish consulate in the country of residence. In some cases, an interview will be required.
Waiting for a decision. After submitting the documents, it remains to wait for a decision from the Polish authorities. This may take several months, depending on the programme.
Obtaining a residence permit and starting to live in Poland. After the application is approved, the investor will receive a visa to reside in Poland for up to 2 years with the possibility of extension.
Transition to PML. After several years of permanent residence, it is possible to apply for permanent residence by providing evidence that all conditions for permanent status have been met.

These steps can vary slightly depending on the type of investment, so it is important to consult with immigration experts beforehand.

How to obtain citizenship in Poland through investments

One of the main conditions for citizenship is to have a stable source of income, as well as active participation in the economic life of the country. For example, for those who have established a successful business, it is important to prove that the company generates income and provides jobs.

Testimonials from real investors: is it worth moving to Poland for permanent residence?

Testimonials from real investors who have already gone through the process of obtaining a residence permit often emphasise several key factors that influenced their choice. In most cases, people are pleased with the low taxes, high-quality infrastructure and business development opportunities.

Many note that the move gave them access to European markets and allowed them to scale their firms into new territories. Investors who have purchased property also emphasise that the housing market in Poland continues to grow, providing additional profit opportunities.

Conclusion

Moving to Poland for permanent residence means a better quality of life and a chance to develop your business in a stable and economically favourable environment. The country, thanks to its location in the centre of Europe, dynamically developing economy and favourable tax system, is an attractive option for investors wishing to enter European markets and secure a better future for themselves.

August 26, 2025

Ways of immigrating to Poland in 2025: from residence permit to stay card

The growing interest in Eastern Europe has led to increasingly diverse and legally transparent ways of immigrating to Poland. Among the main factors contributing to the country’s attractiveness are accessible education, an active labor market, flexible mechanisms for obtaining residence permits and permanent residency. For those considering life in Europe, the state provides clear and consistent tools for legalization.

How to Move to Poland: Legislative Framework and Legalization Paths

The immigration policy is based on European standards that combine openness with strict procedural frameworks. The main entry directions are considered to be work, business, education, having Polish roots, or humanitarian circumstances. All documents are processed either through consulates or at the place of residence in the country.

Immigrating to Poland through Employment

One of the most common channels is through employment. A foreign citizen can enter the country by invitation from an employer or through an agency accredited at the national level. The country actively attracts IT specialists, builders, drivers, engineers, and service industry workers.

Having an official contract allows for obtaining a residence permit, and after a few years, applying for permanent residency in Poland. The advantage is that labor immigration is accompanied by accelerated procedures for obtaining a residence permit.

Business and Freelancing as a Path to Legalization

Setting up a sole proprietorship or small business is another effective mechanism. The state incentivizes entrepreneurs by offering simplified taxation and access to investment programs. Freelancers in design, marketing, IT, and consulting have the opportunity to demonstrate financial stability and apply for a residence permit.

Education and Academic Programs

Separate channels are provided for students. Enrolling in a university, technical school, or even language courses automatically grants the right to temporary residence. After completing studies, there is time to search for employment, with the possibility of changing status to a residence permit. This path is considered one of the legal and sustainable ways of immigrating to Poland, especially for young people planning long-term adaptation in the country.

Here are the directions through which academic immigration is most commonly formalized:

enrollment in a state university;
admission to a bachelor’s or master’s program in English;
participation in international exchange programs;
completion of preparatory Polish language courses;
education in private academies with subsequent employment.

The academic path is particularly attractive for young people planning to build a career and obtain a residence permit in Poland.

Polish Card and Polish Roots

Bearers of Polish culture and their descendants can take advantage of the Polish Card program. It allows legal residence in the country, work without permits, and eligibility for permanent residency through a simplified scheme. With archival certificates or direct relatives of Polish origin, the document can be obtained through the consulate.

Immigration through Family

Family reunification is a separate direction actively used in 2025. Family members already residing in the country based on a residence permit or permanent residency can invite spouses, children, and parents. Proof of housing, income, and insurance is required. This mechanism is part of the official immigration methods to Poland and allows for a legal move based on family ties.

Simplified Mechanisms — List of Advantages

When considering the country, it is important to understand what factors make adaptation and legalization processes convenient for immigrants:

clear legal framework and regulated timelines;
simple requirements for residence permit applicants;
ability to obtain a residence permit while working remotely;
favorable conditions for business and freelancing;
active support for expatriates and adaptation courses;
wide presence of Polish and international agencies.

These conditions create a favorable environment for relocation and long-term residency.

Immigration Paths to Poland: 2025 Legal Map

Immigration strategy can be built on one of several schemes. Below are the main ones:

submitting documents for employment from a Polish employer;
registering a sole proprietorship and starting a business;
obtaining the Polish Card with confirmed roots;
enrolling in school, technical school, or university;
participating in state grants for freelancers;
obtaining refugee status with grounds;
applying for a residence permit through family;
employment through international agencies.

Each of these directions involves a separate algorithm that should be studied before starting the process.

Language Adaptation: Polish and English

Knowledge of the Polish language remains a key factor for successful integration. However, English is widely used in major cities and in the IT sector, simplifying the initial stages of stay. There are free courses for immigrants, as well as online platforms to quickly learn basic levels.

Role of Expat Communities and Mediators

Most major cities have developed expat communities that assist with documents, housing search, and adaptation. Legal consultants and licensed mediators provide training on legislation, citizenship application, and status change. Such resources significantly simplify immigration methods to Poland, especially for those encountering the country’s bureaucratic system for the first time.

Specifics of Obtaining Permanent Residency and Citizenship

After several years of residence and holding a residence permit, one can apply for permanent residency, and later, citizenship. Proof of integration, language proficiency, and absence of legal violations are required. In 2025, the procedure remains stable and predictable.

Immigration Paths to Poland: Key Points

Compared to other Eastern European countries, the immigration paths to Poland in 2025 stand out for their flexibility and transparency. The availability of multiple channels — from the Polish Card to business, from work to education — allows for choosing an individual route of legalization. The country offers quality living conditions, clear legislation, and tools to transition from temporary status to permanent residency and citizenship.

August 26, 2025